I know that in PPSSPP the PSP memory is allocated dynamically, but I really need some way to make it STATIC (like PCSX2 for example). Maybe your phone is not powerful enough to run it at 60FPS and if that's your case then a cheat wouldn't have helped you. I don't have that game but according to some gameplay I saw from youtube, it already runs at 60FPS. Gundam NEXT PLUS on iosīut only 30fps, May I be so bold as to ask this game has 60FPS patches? (09-09-2015 02:24 AM)playiosgame123 Wrote: hello i want to play Gundam vs. When you enable one of these cheat versions, the other one won't work until you reboot the game because of the conditional lines, so be sure to choose the right one. These are totally game rendering related and are totally harmless to the console. This versions displays minor graphical glitches, like small black pixels that sometimes can be seen on the lower half of the screen. ' PSP/Vita only' version: If you are going to play the game on real hardware and NOT with an emulator, you must use this one to avoid slowdowns to a fixed 30FPS that you would get using the emulator-only cheat. There are no graphical glitches with this version. ' PPSSPP only' version: If you are going to play the game with an emulator, you must use this one to have a totally stable framerate. The cheat completely disables the FPS cap and forces the game to run at unlimited internal FPS (around 300+ or more), this causes BAD performance so as a fix I had to cap the game again but now at 60FPS.īecause of this, the cheat has 2 versions: 2017 Reddit /u/Kabuto_Kunį/showthread.php?tid=4799&pid=105128#pid105128 : Unlock FPS in PSP games ('easy method')į/showthread.php?tid=4799&pid=123500#pid123500 : Permanently patch a PSP game with CW cheats. The same situation with God Eater (first game) and Harvest Moon - Hero of Leaf Valley, to name some games mentioned here that I have tried without success. Yeah, I tried with all the PSP Naruto games and they all work with the 'easy method' but I haven't found a working speed modifier. Anyway, it seems it broke some actions, like the dash in mid air, maybe synchronization problem. No speed fix so far, i've tried searching for 5 without luck. _L 0x206BD794 0x3F800000 *Cheat Status: This one has issues (like bad timing in cinematic sequences), but gameplay seems to be OK. simple CE scripts to help creating CWCheats, All games on all platforms that allow you to modify their code(which means all hacked consoles, mobiles and pc on which it's the easiest) can be patched to whatever fps you want even if 99% of people will cry around that it's impossible, just need time and the amount of it will differ between games from few seconds in easy ones to long hours or even days of work. Also if you decrease emulated cpu frequency it might even run at glorious 2fps, glorious 60fps is somewhat rare because of putting_the_word_glorious_before_random_technical_terms reasons(and a bit of ocd p).Įventually learn assembly and research how the game works, then change it, as that's totally possible. Some even at glorious 20 or glorious 15 fps. Hello and nope, take it or run for your life as far as you can since probably around 90% if not more of psp games runs at glorious 30fps. There are some problems, but the game's fairly playable if you overlook the balancing changes (projectiles, charge-ups, and King) and cast a spell whenever you notice 150% speed animations.
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Many of these watches are probably burnt out because the fluorescent compound is no longer light-emitting.įurther, the radium is often covered in varnish which becomes weak and will flake off hands and numerals. That said, watches only glowed when the radium was mixed with zinc sulphide or another fluorescent compound. Old radium watches are constantly radioactive if the paint is still extant on the face. Miltiary watches used starker symobosl like the nuclear triangle and to signal some radioactivity.The underline on the dial (seen starting in 1963) was used to indicate still lower radiation levels, in line with <25 millicuries of tritium. The “exclamation point”, where a small dot is below the index marker at 6 o’clock (first seen in 1962), indicates that the piece is following Atomic Energy Commission regulations from 1960 and has lower radiation levels. Alphahands writes: Rolex (and Tudor) timepieces will have additional symbols to indicate different levels of radium.Watches with the R marking still used radium. In the early 1960s some watches were marked T (T- SWISS MADE -T appeared on the bottom edge of the dial.) This kind of watch used tritium.If it was made prior to the 1960s then it probably used radium.Further, here are some rules of thumb to tell whether or not your watch is radioactive. This will tell you definitively if a piece is radioactive. The easiest way to tell if a watch is radioactive is to pick up a simple Geiger counter. Radium-based paint was banned in the 1960s and all of the paint was phased out a decade later. Plastic crystals can often exhibit a burn-in from the paint. They tend to “burn” over time, turning the hands a dull brown. Radium retains its fluorescence for a long time and many radium dials might still have a charge in them. What do radium watches look like?Ī radium watch may still be radioactive years after manufacture. Eventually, scientists and medical professionals realized that these workers’ illnesses were being caused by internal contamination from the radium they ingested. Many of these workers developed bone cancer, usually in their jaws. In the body, radium acts similar to calcium, so the radium that workers ingested was deposited into their bones. In doing this, they often swallowed some of the radioactive paint. To create fine tips on their paint brushes for small surfaces, many radium dial painters licked the bristles of their paintbrushes. During the production of radium dials, many workers who painted clock or instrument dials with radium developed cancer. If radium is ingested or inhaled, the radiation emitted by the radionuclide can interact with cells and damage them. If it is inhaled or swallowed, radium is dangerous because there is no shielding inside the body. It emits alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Any luminous watch made before 1970 is almost definitely coated in some amount of radium.Īccording to the EPA, radioactive antiques are still highly dangerous and were made more so by safety failures in the painting process: Rolex, Omega, Patek Philippe, and any major watchmaker used radium on their dials. Radium became more popular in the intervening years and almost every watch between 1917 and the early 1970s used a form of radium paint. These watches, called Trench Watches, had luminous faces for reading in the dark trenches along both sides of the battlefield and often featured big, bold numerals and hands to maximize the radium’s surface area. Radium was commonly used on many watches built during World War I. Read the book Radium Girls for more info on this topic. Horrible things happened to watchmakers who used the material in painting hands and numerals and devasting diseases like jaw and stomach cancer often plagued assembly-line workers in the days when radium was still in popular use. By John Biggs how to, lume, radium, Rolexīefore we begin, please remember that radium is a dangerously radioactive substance and repeated exposure is very dangerous. The Aberdeen Community features a resort style pool and fitness center, planned events calendar, trivia nights, food truck nights, Swim Team, walking paths, is close to shopping and dining at the Durbin Town Center and offers easy access to the highway system via 9B. Don't forget t enjoy the large custom paved screened in back patio! Exterior backs up to the woods/preserve providing privacy, a wonderful entertain space, and is also fully fenced yard. 2 additional guest rooms and dedicated office/5th BR downstairs. Check out the oversized upstairs bonus room with ample storage and an additional full bath. En suite bathroom including dual vanity, garden tub & separate shower. Downstairs Primary Suite features bay windows, tray ceiling and dual custom closets. Kitchen includes Cambria quartz counters & Stainless Steel appliances. The Rent Zestimate for this home is 3,766/mo, which has increased by 502/mo in the last 30 days. The Zestimate for this house is 679,700, which has decreased by 12,429 in the last 30 days. Enjoy casual eating at your California bar top. 708 Tessera Ct, Saint Johns, FL is a single family home that contains 3,827 sq ft and was built in 2009. This layout includes an open concept floorpan with large kitchen, breakfast area, separate dining all open to the family room. The Destin II Model features 5BR and 4BA located in the #1 rated school district in the State. Wonderful opportunity to purchase a great property with a well-though out floor plan in St Johns County. Zip downtown in 30 mins, head to the beach in 35 and make it to downtown St Augustine within 40 mins! Enjoy casual eating at your California bar top. Activating the mechanism Franky reveals a Going Merry-themed paddle boat named Mini Merry II. Despite Usopp's best efforts to dissuade the captain, Luffy is only further encouraged by the prospect of gaining Brook as a crew member, along with Robin and Franky deciding to join him as well.įranky suggests they try out the Soldier Dock system while they decide what to do, claiming they'd need a smaller ship to make it to shore. Luffy then appears geared up to go, with a net and box ready to catch whatever he finds of interest. Losing hope, both Nami and Chopper claim to have been stricken with Usopp's recurring, "Can't-get-on-this-island disease". While the rest of the crew only want to escape their entrapment, Robin explains that they are confined within a large wall which encircles the entire island. Thriller BarkĪfter seeing Brook leave and the prospect of an adventure Luffy decides he wants to explore Thriller Bark. Brook warns the Straw Hats to escape and runs across the water to Thriller Bark. Just then, the gates of Thriller Bark capture the Thousand Sunny. Nonetheless, meeting the crew has brightened his dreary existence, and Brook is about to play the violin when a ghost appears. Not wanting his new friends to get hurt, Brook refuses to reveal the culprit. Brook is explaining his Devil Fruit ability when Usopp (in Exorcist attire) notices that he has no shadow and no reflection.īrook explains how his shadow was stolen, and sadly he cannot leave the foggy Florian Triangle with the Straw Hats for the sun would disintegrate him. Leaving the ghost ship with them, Brook goes back with them to the ship and ends up having dinner with the crew. Brook casually agrees to, much to the horror of everyone else present. Opting for his own take on things, he then starts to shout questions at Brook about what happened to him and the ship, only to be interrupted by Luffy, who much to the shock of everybody else, asks Brook to join his crew. Luffy, finding all this hilarious, asks Brook if the skeleton can poop, to which Brook replies yes only for Sanji to berate them both for their choice of questions. She, of course, denies this and knocks Brook to the floor. When they arrive on board of the ship they are greeted by the self-proclaimed "Gentleman Skeleton" Brook, whose first action is to question Nami as to whether or not he may see her panties. "Dead Bones" BrookĮxcited and filled with overwhelming curiosity, Luffy starts to board the ship, with Nami and Sanji behind him, who want to stop him "in case he does something impulsive and stupid". Suddenly, he and the rest of the crew hear an ominous song resounding throughout the fog and discover a ghost ship that has suddenly appeared behind them with a skeleton singing Binks' Sake. Upset that he was not notified about this and scared about the ghosts, he quickly grabs his exorcism set to rebuke any evil spirits. Using the paddle wheels, they avoid the storm and finally enter the Florian Triangle.Īt first, Usopp thinks they might already have arrived at Fish-Man Island, but he is quickly corrected by the others who explain to him (in a teasing manner) that they are in fact in the Florian Triangle (he did not know this, since he was not around when Kokoro told the others about it). Unfortunately, the headwind catches them, prompting Franky to unveil the Soldier Dock Channel 0 a set of paddle wheels. Fearing that someone may spot them and knowing that a big storm is heading in their direction, Nami orders the crew to head southwest. After a short discussion, they open the barrel, but instead of finding food and sake, a red light shoots out of the barrel and into the sky. When they fish the barrel out of the sea, they notice that it is an offering to the sea god. When Zoro wakes up, he notices a barrel floating in the ocean and alerts the rest of the crew over the built-in speaker system. A few days after their departure from Water 7, the Straw Hats enjoy the features of their new ship Usopp and Luffy go fishing together and toss everything they catch into the aquarium, while Robin, Franky and Sanji relax in the dining room, Nami takes a bath in the bath hut, Chopper enjoys his expanded room/infirmary and Zoro takes a nap in the observation tower. Now you can use a tape plugin to recreate it, and it works pretty well, but it still takes quite a few more steps and tweaking compared to the simplicity of VarFi. With Varfi you click it and boom instant record slowdown. VariFi – This may not be a big deal to most, but I use the slow down effect quite a bit. But It just feels more reliable to me when editing. It could be the fact I used Pro Tools for so many years. Now, while I do love Studio One, there are still some things that Pro Tools does better.Įditing – While the editing in studio one is great, and keeps getting better, I still feel like the editing ability in Pro Tools is the best in the industry. So you can have five plugins on one audio file, and continue to change the parameters though out the song. What’s even better is you can stack them much like an insert. It’s effortless to un-render the file and you can take the vocalign off. However, say the client tells you they don’t like the vocalign you added. This means once you’ve added the effect you want, you click render, and all the processing power the plugins were using is rendered. Where event FX differs from Audiosuite is they are nondestructive. They work much the same way, but what’s cool is you can drag and drop plugins to event fx as well. Even better, you can select five channels to drag it to, and it will load all the plugins for you.Įvent FX – Event FX are the equivalent to Pro Tools Audio Suite. All you have to do is click, and you can drag all seven plugins to the other channel at once. Say you have a leave vocal track with seven plugins on it, and you need to add those to another channel. This is so much faster than trying to add a new send and return in Pro Tools.Īnother huge drag and drop feature is the ability to drag and drop the whole effects chains to another channel. What’s even better is you can drag and drop the plugin to the track you want it on! Also, if you’re going to add reverb to a send, you can drag and drop the reverb plugin to the channel, and it will create a send and return with the plugin on the return. This makes it easy to visually see the plugin you want. So if you hear a breath or a click, no problem just take it out, and the melodyne will adjust.ĭrag and Drop Inserts and Sends – Studio one has a sidebar that you can load all your favorite plugins into with thumbnail pictures of the plugin. What’s even better is you can still edit the audio file with the Melodyne still on. Melodyne instantly opens, and you are ready to start tuning. Melodyne is built into the platform, so all you have to do is pick the track you want to tune and click Melodyne. Melodyne – If you have to do a lot of vocal tuning, Studio One will be a game-changer for you. I made the transition in about three days and have been mixing with Studio One on many of my mixes ever since. It also operated much like Pro Tools, and I was able to use the same key commands so I could dive right in. It had all the features I had been wanting and more. Unfortunately, over the past 3-4 years, I have seen feature improvements in other programs like Logic and I couldn’t understand why Pro Tools wasn’t adapting.Ībout four months ago, my friend told me I should check out Presonus’s Studio One 4. I got my first engineering gigs because I learned how to use Pro Tools with the ancient audio media three cards. I’ve been a daily Pro Tools user for about 15 years. Highlight, Markups, Shapes, drawings, etc.Īdd/Edit/Remove text, link, image Change the text color, font, align, line space, etc.Īdd, delete, and modify PDF texts and images. Note, Markups, Typewriter, Text Box, Stamps, Highlight, Underline, Area Highlight, Attachment, Shapes, Drawing, etc. Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Text, Image, HTML Word, Excel, PowerPoint, JPG, PNG, TIFF, RTF Word, Excel, PowerPoint, JPG, PNG, TIFF, BMP, GIF, Text, RTF, HTML, EPUB, HWP, HWPX You can edit, convert, annotate PDF for free in 7 days.Īcrobat Standard DC: $155.88/yr Acrobat Pro DC: $179.88/yr But Adobe is still a great PDF editor with top-class features that helps users convert, edit, and annotate, among other functions.įree Version: Adobe provides a 7-day free trial of a fully functional version of Acrobat Pro DC. It is important to note that PDF editing is not just for large businesses but also for individuals and small businesses, and therefore the price is critical. There is no doubt that the Adobe Acrobat PDF editor sets the pace for PDF editing and is widely regarded as the best PDF editing tool for Windows 10 however, it is considered to be overpriced. You can also add a new image.Įdit link, watermark, header&footer: You can also add clickable hyperlinks in PDF, watermark confidential files, add page numbers, and more. Or click Add Text to add new text.Įdit image: Right-click an image in PDF, you can then have the options to delete, rotate, resize, or replace the image. Navigate to the text that you need to edit and change the existing text. Download this simple PDF editor now.Įdit text: PDFelement will automatically detect all the editable elements in the file. More importantly, it allows you to enjoy a large cloud storage space (up to 100GB) from Wondershare Document Cloud. For example, it can help you edit pdf text, add, remove, extract images from PDF, edit and remove watermarks, background, and so on. In fact, this best Windows PDF editor gives you a complete solution to edit PDF files like never before. It boasts of a lot of incredible features which include annotating, editing, and converting PDFs to other formats, adding signatures, and filling PDF forms. Meanwhile, the paid version offers good value for the cost, as it is affordable when compared to other PDF editors. The good thing is that this wonderful PDF editor has a free trial that comes with basic PDF editing solutions. It is a worthy alternative to Adobe Acrobat, which has been widely regarded as the industry standard when it comes to PDF editing. PDFelement is an outstanding PDF editor for Windows that tops the list. Part 2: TOP Free PDF Editor for Windows 1. You can choose the right PDF editor based on your need. Also, if you want to use an online PDF editor, here are some options for you below. It's compatible with Windows, Mac, iOS, and Android systems, and you can try it for free. For example, it helps you add, and delete texts, images, watermarks, background, forms, and so on. Adding or deleting texts and images for proofreading.įor the above common PDF usage scenarios, it will be easily realized by using a PDF editor, such as Wondershare PDFelement - PDF Editor, an all-in-one PDF Solution, making you can edit pdf files with ease. Making annotations on a project document to provide feedback.Signing a document and sharing it online. Here are several use cases where you’re not a regular PDF user but still need a robust and free PDF tool to deal with the task at hand: Part 1: When Would You Need to Edit PDFs for Free? Part 2: TOP Free PDF Editor for Windows Part 3: Best Free PDF Editor for Mac Part 4: TOP Free PDF Editor Online Part 5: Online PDF Editor VS PDF Editor Offline Part 6: Which Type of Free PDF Editor is Best for You? Part 1: When Would You Need to Edit PDFs for Free?Īs the world becomes more digitally transformed, it's inevitable that you will come across PDF documents in the course of a normal day - invoices, contracts, eBooks, bank statements, credit card statements, tax forms, insurance forms… these are just some of the examples of the widespread use of PDF. So, the loose ends left behind are done so for good reason. It’s important to note that this movie and the final instalment are meant to be two parts of a whole. Without spending time with characters and learning to love them, the big questions about race, patriotism and family don’t land with as much impact as they otherwise would have. But the result is that the depth of the story is still missing from the big screen. It’s commendable, the way they’ve changed timelines to fit a tight script with all the important milestones. Since this is an adaptation of a TV show, it’s natural that they have had to compress events and information. While the characters do have an interesting dynamic with one another, the plot is overpowering. Tsubasa Honda’s portrayal of Winry was a little over the top in the previous film, but she does a fantastic job depicting Winry’s heartbreak in this one. Winry’s arc is also a well-executed one and her journey towards forgiveness is a mirror image of Scar’s. Although, Scar being played by a man in brownface makes the whole thing slightly off-putting. Towards the end, we really see him come face to face with his blind revenge and begin to re-evaluate it. It’s clear that he is the movie’s real protagonist and the slow reveal of his motives and history makes him a compelling character. Scar’s narrative, in particular, is handled well. It’s easy for new audiences to follow the story, which is an engaging ride that draws them further into the world of alchemy. Instead of jumping from event to event like in the first movie, this one stitches them together in a fluent manner. The rest of the film is a far more coherent work. We also see that Envy is alive and kicking. But what it does well, is introduce us to Prince Ling Yao and his two boydguards, Lan Fan and Fu. The film starts off a bit shaky with a seemingly random train hijacking scene. In the process, they meet several new characters including Ling Yao, the 12 th crown prince of the eastern nation of Xing, as well as Mei Chang, a rival princess from the same country. The brothers, Edward and Alphonse Elric, must oppose him while also continuing to look into the existence of the mysterious homunculi. Overall, this is a fun and exciting watch, more so for new fans than old ones.Īdapted from the 64-episode anime, this instalment introduces the audience to Scar and his quest for revenge against all State Alchemists. Plot continues to take priority over depth but when the more sombre scenes strike, they hit the right emotional chord. The story flows a lot better, with events and characters coming together more easily and efficiently than they did before. A superior sequel but with the same lack of depthĪ finer film than its predecessor, Fullmetal Alchemist: The Revenge of Scar makes an intriguing second chapter in the trilogy. Worsley navigated with just a sextant over the wild seas of the Southern Ocean. However, knowing that it was unlikely that anyone would come to Elephant Island to rescue them because it was so remote, Shackleton and Worsley led a small party in one of the open boats to South Georgia, where there was a whaling station. They trekked to the edge of the sea ice, then sailed in the salvaged ship’s lifeboats to Elephant Island where there were seals and penguins to eat and a sheltered bay in which to camp under the upturned lifeboats. The band of 28 crew would have had to draw upon every ounce of strength, tenacity and courage that they possessed in order to survive the failed expedition, which is now remembered in history as one of the most epic feats of endurance in the heroic age of Antarctic exploration. One of the objectives of the Endurance22 expedition is to use that information to help locate the lost vessel. On that day, 21st November 1915, Captain Frank Worsley wrote the coordinates of the location in which the ship sank in his diary: 68☃9’ 30”S, 52☂6’30”W. Tragically three members of the expedition died before the party was picked up from their base on the Ross Sea.Įndurance too encountered difficulties, becoming stuck in the dense pack ice in early 1915 and the crew had no choice but to abandon ship and set up a makeshift camp on the ice, as the sea ice overwhelmed the ship. Despite many difficulties, the members of the Ross Sea party succeeded in placing the supplies as planned. While Shackleton would lead a party that would set off for the Pole from the Weddell Sea, a separate party was to be landed on the shores of the Ross Sea with the objective of placing supplies from the Pole to the Ross Sea that would support Shackleton’s party on the second part of their crossing of Antarctica. Shackleton’s aim for his Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (the “Endurance Expedition”) was to achieve the first crossing of the White Continent from the Weddell Sea via the South Pole to the Ross Sea. And indeed, it was as Endurance entered the Weddell Sea that the British and German fleets engaged in the Battle of the Falklands. Shackleton accordingly headed south, but chose to avoid the Falkland Islands, which he reckoned might be attacked by the Imperial German Navy, and to approach Antarctica from the relative safety of South Georgia. The First Sea Lord, Winston Churchill, instructed him, however, to proceed. Shackleton volunteered to cancel his plans for an expedition and placed his ship at the disposal of the UK Government. In late 1914 the world was threatened by war. Still, if you want your VR gaming sessions looking their absolute best, and have the cash to afford the headset and accompanying high-end PC, this is an enthusiast's dream. Furthermore, the external tracking stations and tethered cabling can be a hassle to set up compared to standalone devices like the Oculus Quest 2. We found during testing that the screen can get hot after prolonged use, and the controllers haven't changed much since the very first Vive headset released. The HTC Vive Pro 2’s super-high resolution screen is a sight to behold HTC Vive Pro 2īut the HTC Vive Pro 2 has its faults, too. After hours of testing, we still found ourselves stunned by how good games looked on this device. Provided you've got a powerful gaming PC to back it up, this is as clear and lifelike a display as you're able to find in the consumer VR space right now. The latest evolution of the HTC Vive range, the Vive Pro 2 boasts a ridiculous '5K' resolution (2448x2448 pixels per eye) a 120-degree field of view and a 120Hz refresh rate. It doesn't come cheaply, but if you're after the very best in PC VR visual fidelity, the HTC Vive Pro 2 should sit near the top of your list. The Meta Quest 2 might bring a significant upgrade, but the original still boasts an OLED display panel with 1440 x 1600 per eye resolution and is powered by a Snapdragon 835 processor. The original Oculus Quest is still a great choice if you're looking for an untethered VR headset. Games like Robo Recall and Beat Saber should still amaze, and turning YouTube VR or BigScreen VR into your own personal cinema screen is a welcome distraction from the madness of the outside world. We found there’s nothing quite like the thrill of wire-free VR. Hand tracking – which came to the original Quest via a firmware update, but is baked into the Quest 2 from the off – is also impressive.ĭepending on your perspective on raw power versus portability and comfort, it might just be the best VR headset ever Meta Quest 2 review It’s a significant improvement over the original Quest, which is a more responsive experience thanks to improved RAM and chip specs, plus a higher resolution display that’s 50% sharper than its predecessor.ĭevelopers have the option to make their games run at 90Hz (important for increased comfort and realism while playing), and we found the headset itself is lighter than before, too. It doesn't need wiring to an expensive PC, offers movement and freedom, and it's easy to set up and use. The Meta Quest 2 (formerly the Oculus Quest 2) will be the ideal VR headset for most people. A nucleus with greater binding energy has a lower total energy, and therefore a lower mass according to Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence relation E = mc 2. The nuclear binding energy varies between nuclei.This increases the mass of nuclei with more neutrons than protons relative to the atomic mass unit scale based on 12C with equal numbers of protons and neutrons. The neutron is slightly heavier than the proton.There are two reasons for the difference between mass number and isotopic mass, known as the mass defect: For example, 63Cu (29 protons and 34 neutrons) has a mass number of 63 and an isotopic mass in its nuclear ground state is 62.91367 u. For other isotopes, the isotopic mass usually differs and is usually within 0.1 u of the mass number. One unified atomic mass unit is approximately the mass of one nucleon (either a single proton or neutron) and is numerically equivalent to 1 g/mol.įor 12C the atomic mass is exactly 12u, since the atomic mass unit is defined from it. One atomic mass unit is equal to 1.66 x 10 -24 grams. The unit of measure for mass is the atomic mass unit (amu). Units of measure have been defined for mass and energy on the atomic scale to make measurements more convenient to express. The size and mass of atoms are so small that the use of normal measuring units, while possible, is often inconvenient. Note that, each element may contain more isotopes, therefore this resulting atomic mass is calculated from naturally-occuring isotopes and their abundance. The atomic mass is carried by the atomic nucleus, which occupies only about 10 -12 of the total volume of the atom or less, but it contains all the positive charge and at least 99.95% of the total mass of the atom. The atomic mass or relative isotopic mass refers to the mass of a single particle, and therefore is tied to a certain specific isotope of an element. |
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